Southwestern Iran · Early Bronze Age

Elamite Civilization

Mesopotamia's persistent eastern neighbor

2,700 BCE – 539 BCE · 2,161 years

A persistent Near Eastern power whose political and cultural identity endured for over two millennia alongside Mesopotamia's empires.

Where it sits on the calendar

14,000 BCE 2026 CE

Elamite Civilization

2,700 BCE–539 BCE

Government

Confederation

Writing system

Linear Elamite and Elamite cuneiform

Estimated peak population

1,000,000

How it ended

Invasion or conquest

Absorbed into the expanding Achaemenid Persian state after centuries of conflict with Mesopotamian powers.

8 other civilizations in this dataset overlap with Elamite Civilization's 2,161-year span.

14,000 BCE 300 BCE

Elamite Civilization

2,700 BCE–539 BCE

14,000 BCE–300 BCE

3,000 BCE–1,100 BCE

3,300 BCE–1,300 BCE

3,000 BCE–1,600 BCE

1,500 BCE–400 BCE

1,500 BCE–500 BCE